The Importance Of The Motivation Of Workers With Hopes Of...

While studies indicate many workers are dedicated to the task at hand, new studies are being conducted to evaluate how to increase the motivation of workers with hopes of increasing productivity. A professional competency detrimental to productivity is goal setting. The technique of goal setting is used to reward, or provide incentives to employees for their time and dedication. A competency is described as â€Å"Building on prior definitions, we propose that professional competence is the habitual and judicious use of communication, knowledge, technical skills, clinical reasoning, emotions, values, and reflection in daily practice for the benefit of the individual and community being served† (Ronald Edward, 2002). While the list of competencies is important when evaluating an employee’s role, the competencies in a professional workplace help provide awareness and improvement from both the employee and the company while contributing to growth and resolutions. Goal se tting skills are conducive to productivity because providing motivations, employee goals, or organizational goals allows employees and managers the opportunity to appreciate, implement procedures, and contribute to the overall function of a company or workplace. . First, when evaluating techniques to improve productivity, studies have shown increase in production when employees were given incentives for motivation. At my current profession of choice, which is medical billing for Workers Compensation, managers andShow MoreRelatedThe Urgent Question of How to Motivate Employees1046 Words   |  4 Pagesorganization. And their willing to satisfy customer needs, increase and improve productivity is vital for an organization growth and success. Therefore, managers should clearly understand needs of their workers. The aim of this project is to try to understand what can be done in order to motivate the workforce competently. This report presents an example of motivation plan that focused on increasing job satisfaction, enhancing productivity and quality of goods and services and reducing employee turnover. MoreoverRead MoreMotivation at Royal Mail Essay1620 Words   |  7 PagesMOTIVATION AT ROYAL MAIL INTRODUCTION Employee motivation is, or at least must be, one of the key issues for directors, managers and personnel managers. The leader must be able to find the sensitive strings of his subordinates, which can be motivated by influencing them to achieve high performance. The correct use of motivation encourages staff to make more efficient use of their knowledge, skills, and talents. In todays turbulent, often chaotic environment, commercial success dependsRead MoreIntroduction To Management ( Assessment Task )1435 Words   |  6 Pagesemployee performance is determined by a variety of factors. Of these factors, workers ability, the environment they work in and the workers motivation play the most significant roles. But while ability can be trained and environment can be altered, motivation to do and to perform well is often difficult to capture. To address this, many businesses focus on remuneration in the hopes of improving employee satisfaction and motivation and often apply ‘variabl e performance-related pay’ (better known as â€Å"payRead MoreEmployee Motivation and Capitalism Essay1813 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction: Motivation according to Kelley (2014) is the ‘process through which managers build the desire to be productive and effective in their employees’. If an employee is motivated, they are more likely to be productive and generally staff turnover is low. The problem of worker motivation is that workers are not seen as humans, they have a lack of freedom at the workplace and lack of job fulfilment. Taylor and McGregor Theory X argue that there is not a problem with worker motivation, workers willRead MoreThe Principles Of Job Enrichment879 Words   |  4 Pagesachieve desired results. Principles of Motivation are especially important when large amounts of data and it can be a challenge to implement. As these ideas are explored leaders are keen to follow the principles of job enrichment as well, building the processes attainment from the ground up. When we think of the principles of motivation often it is inspirational lines coupled with a majestic photograph hung over an otherwise dreary wall, and it’s true that motivation can come from a lot of places, butRead MoreThe Principles Of Scientific Management2994 Words   |  12 Pagesneeds of workers, employers, and the larger society in which they operate by eliminating waste, improving processes, and distributing products in a fair and scientific manner (Taneja, Pryor, Toombs, 2011). Scientific management is a complicated mix of common sense psychology, scientific theory, and the application of logic to the problem-solving process (Zuffo, 2011), with the guiding principle of profit maximisation (Washburn, 2006). It conceptualises the organisation as a machine and workers as itsRead MoreFunctions And Functions Of Management1113 Words   |  5 Pagesand controlling. However, there is another essential component to the functions of management, and it is the important of d iversity. In this paper I will identify the detailed function of these different components of management and explain their importance. With the most essential components being the planning phase, it is crucial that this particular entity is implemented correctly. With the other functions widely depending on the premise of the planning being successful, the weight of the companyRead MoreEmployee Motivation: Its Influence on Organisations’ Productivity3195 Words   |  13 PagesEMPLOYEE MOTIVATION: IT’S INFLUENCE ON ORGANISATIONS’ PRODUCTIVITY BY OMOLEKAN, Olushola (Bsc Bus. Admin (UNILORIN), Msc Bus. Admin (Unilorin), ANIMN) ABSTRACT Improving the productivity of the organization and the worker has always been the objective of any management philosophy. Of all the assets that the organization possesses, the human element can provide the most variability and therefore require the greatest attention. Employee motivation is important if any organization wishes to fullyRead MoreEssay on Employee Motivation and Performance17868 Words   |  72 Pages[pic] Master of Business Administration (MBA) An analysis of the Effects of Rewards and Compensation on Employees’ Motivation and Performance Dissertation submitted in fulfillment of the requirements to the University of Wales for the award of the Degree Of Master of Business Administration (MBA) April 2012 DECLARATION This work has not previously been accepted in substance for any degree and is not being concurrently submitted in candidature for any degreeRead MoreQuestions On Learning And Leadership Theories1636 Words   |  7 Pagesbehaviors, and ultimately influence organizational productivities. Subsequently leadership paradigms are designs of thinking that are exhibited throughout leadership actions. Therefore, when leadership patterns an area of concern, a demand for enhancement occurs with idea and performance. Leadership paradigms have evolved to navigate the demanding workforce. The phrase â€Å"there is no leadership paradigm† is very difficult to approve. With workers no longer loyal to a specific employer for professional

White Collar Crime By Edwin Sutherland Essay - 2527 Words

White Collar Crime Name Institutional Affiliation Currently, white collar crime is one of forms of crime that legal authorities are constantly combating. According to Hasnas (2004), a white collar crime is a non-violent crime committed by someone, especially to achieve financial realisation through deceit. The term â€Å"white collar crime† was coined by Edwin Sutherland in 1939 defining it as â€Å"crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation† (p. 579). This crime is usually brought to the attention of the police and other relevant authorities from information acquired from whistle blowers, auditors or forensic accountants. Perpetrators of this crime are mostly managers, executives or even office workers. As a customary way of life people must enter into social relationships with bankers, accountants, doctors, lawyers, brokers, and other white collar professionals to take advantage of the knowledge they possess. These social relationships are mostly successful as clients trust that these professional people are acting to their benefit. In other words, the social power given to them is transformed to economic power to acquire personal wealth. These crimes are performed in tremendously intricate means to mask their intentions so as to avoid legal action from the government. Professionals may also provide their clients with poor advice to get economic power by getting more money. Employees can also abuseShow MoreRelatedThe White Collar Crime By Edwin Sutherland1604 Words   |  7 PagesEdwin Sutherland coined the term ‘white-collar crime’ and defined it as â€Å"crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation.† (Black, 2010). While Sutherland focused on the perpetrator and his/her characteristics and roles in committing the crime, there were flaws within this definition in that it would not endure the progression of white-collar crime. By focusing on the individual and paying more attention to the actual crime, criminologist andRead MoreThe White Collar Crime By Edwin Sutherland Essay1254 Words   |  6 Pagesphrase â€Å"white-collar crime† was introduces during 1939 when a presidential address was given by Edwin Sutherland to the American Sociological Society. Mr. Sutherland described it as, â€Å"crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation. Although there are many variables to what qualifies for a white-collar crime, the term is generally used for a variety of nonviolent, financially motivated individuals who will exploit their job to commit crimes. OneRead MoreWhite Collar Crime By Edwin Sutherland Essay2013 Words   |  9 PagesWhite Collar Crime by Edwin Sutherland, published in 1949, is a study in the theory of criminal behaviour. Sutherland states that this book is an attempt to reform the theory of criminal behaviour only, not to reform anything else. And although it may include implications for social reforms, this is not the objective of the book. Sutherland define white collar crime as ‘a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation’ (pp. 9). He adds thatRead MoreWhite Collar Crime Coined By Edwin Sutherland2133 Words   |  9 PagesCrime can occur on various platforms such as the streets of a neighborhood or at a corporation on Wall Street. As a result, crime and criminal behaviour can be explained using a broad set of theories presented by scholars with the focus ranging from the individual offender to the offender’s environment and external influences. White-collar crime coined by Edwin Sutherland, for example, is a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation (TathamRead MoreWhite Collar Crime And Corporate Crime1158 Words   |  5 PagesWhite-Collar Crime consists of occupational crime and corporate crime. Occupational crime refers to offences committed against legitimate institutions businesses or government by those with respectable social status. It includes the embezzlement of co rporate funds, tax evasion, computer crime and expense-account fraud. It is not every day that we hear about white-collar crimes but these non-violent crimes are on the rise to the top. Federal Bureau of Investigation states that USA, for example recordedRead MoreWhite Collar Crime And Criminal Behavior1534 Words   |  7 Pagesthe causations of crime and those at risk of criminal behaviour. White collar crime is a term founded less than a century ago within 1939 by Edwin Sutherland. He identified white collar crime as crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation (Hirschi, 1987, pg 953). Sutherland strived to explain all types of crimes. He proposed that crime occurred beyond the streets, within the business and politic realm. White collar crimes differ heavily fromRead MoreCorporate Tax Evasion Essay example690 Words   |  3 Pagesgovernment. It is illegal and therefore deviant by that definition. Corporate tax evasion ( using borderline legal means) is widespread. White-collar crime is a term that is usually applied to crimes associated with business that do not involve violence or bodily injury to another person. Corporate tax evasion falls into the category of white collar crime. There are 3 types of corporate income taxes as follows: National 30% of taxable income, Local 20.7% of National Tax, and EnterpriseRead MoreComparing The Ideas Of Edwin Sutherland1257 Words   |  6 PagesComparing the ideas of Edwin Sutherland from his 1940 publication of White-Collar Criminality with attitudes towards crime in the world today, specifically in George Ritzer’s Essentials of Sociology textbook, I believe that Sutherland would be fairly happy with the treatment of crime. The textbook’s treatment of the topic of crime aligns very well with Sutherland’s outlook. Ideas of crime seemed to be treated fairly in the text, avoiding the classic pitfalls of saying that crime is always associatedRead MoreWhite Collar Crimes And Street Crimes1083 Words   |  5 PagesWhite-collar crimes are just as prevalent today as ordinary street crimes. Studies show that criminal acts committed by white-collar criminals continue to increase due to unforeseen oppo rtunities presented in the corporate world, but these crimes are often overlooked or minimally publicized in reference to criminal acts on the street. Many street crimes are viewed as unnecessary, horrendous crimes because they are committed by lower class citizens, whereas white collar crimes are illegal acts committedRead MoreUnderstanding White Collar Crime1023 Words   |  5 PagesUnderstanding White Collar Crime Donald J. Joslyn Tri County Tech Understanding White Collar Crime In the United States, there are many different types of crimes that are committed. One type of crime that is considered non-violent would be white-collar crime. Under white collared crimes there are hundreds of different types of crimes that would fall under this category. Sociologist and criminologists have come up with many different theories to what white-collar crime is and what type of people

Manufacturing process of Wood-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: You have to Create one Company and Elaborate the following tasks.:Introduction to Wood Products Evaluate and Critique of the domestic Market for a Marketing Plan Evaluation and Critique of the Global Market for a Marketing Plan Answer: Introduction Scientifically wood can be defined as porous and fibrous structural tissues that are found in the stems and roots of trees and in other woody plants. It is an organic substance because it produces carbon when burned. Wood has been used form 1000 years as fuel, for construction purpose, it is also used to make tools, weapons, furniture and paper which is one of the most used products. It is also used as feedstock for the production of purified cellulose and its derivatives like cellophane and cellulose acetate. Woods grow on trees between the existing wood and the inner bark of new woody layers, which covers the stem, this process, is defined as secondary growth, which happens as a result of cell division. Manufacturing process of Wood The manufacturing process of wood has following steps Head Rig: Trees are ct by primary saw into pieces or boards. Edging: In the next step the irregular edges of the pieces or the boards are removed. Trimming: Then with the help of of trimmer, the lumber is squared into uniform pieces. Rough Lumber Sorting: The pieces are then separated and sorted based on the dimension and the final production of the wood products Stickering: Then lumber is sent to the klin drying production which is staked with spacers known as stickers, allowing the air to move around the stack, the green products do not go throghj this stage and the next stage as well which is known as Drying. Drying: Klin drying wood makes the natural evaporation of the Woods MC in a controlled situation. Planing: In this stage the wood surfaces are smoothened in order to make every piece identical and uniform in shape and size Grading: In this process each of the piece of lumber is giving a grade that determines the quality level which is analyzed on the basis of the variety of features which includes its MC Kiln Drying Wood for Maximum Value and usability For maximizing the strength of the wood it is very important enough money is invested in the process of kiln drying in which the excess of moisture is removed from the lumber stack. A wood dried properly has many advantages to offer tom its users, it is better than the green wood. This reduces the waste produced during the manufacturing process and the longevity of the wood product is increased. The process of Kiln drying keeps changing, the process involves following steps The lumbers produced are stacked with care, these lumbers are known as green wood, with the help of using spacers or stickers so that gaps can be created for air to pass and move about freely. After the wood has been placed in the Kiln, based on the species of the wood, in this process the kiln is heated at temperature that lies between 110 degrees and 180 degrees, Fahrenheit for conventional kilns temperature, 230 to 280 degree Fahrenheit. It is very important to have a controlled temperature and humidity for the Kiln and therefore the operators constantly monitor the kiln. The profit of the manufacturing company depends upon their ability to increase the quality of the wood (Sujov, Hlav?kov Marcinekov, 2015). Characteristics of wood As per its physical structure, wood is characterized as, strong and stiff but when it is compared to materials like steel, it is light and flexible. Wood has rings and a grain structure, the rings occur annually, it does not have isotopes like metals, plastics and ceramics. A small part of Dead woods can be easily bend and snapped with bare hands. It can be said that wood falls under the category of anisotropic materials which means that a lump of wood has varied aspects and attributes in different directions. One of the characteristics of good wood is that it lasts for a long time. Like other products wood also decays and rots. Advantages Wood has many advantages, it is used for as fuel, it is a good heat insulator, which helps in building or construction. The dray wood easily burns and thus produces a large amount of heat. It is environmental friendly. It is one of the most important sources of sustainable energy. Growing wood is very beneficial because it is used for a number of purpose. Woods have the quality that if bugs and bacteria do not attack them, they will last forever. The total production of wood from log harvest in New Zealand in the year 2015 was 29.33 million cubic meters. The pulp and paper production of the country in the same year was 3.53 million cubic meters (Armstrong et al., 2015). (Armstrong et al., 2015) The main suppliers of wood products of New Zealand are NZWOOD, the supply engineered wood products. Another major producers of New Zealand are the WPMA New Zealand wood processors and pine manufacturers. CHH wood products of New Zealand is a business group that manufactures and sells wood based building products which includes, timber, ply and laminated veneer lumber (Sidin, 2017). Marketing mix of wood products Product- The wood product of the company includes, Sawn timber, which is both treated and untreated wood. Round wood, posts and treated poles, Veneers, plywood and laminated veneer lumber. Panels that consists of fiber board, particle board, black boar, MDF and others. Engineered products, laminated beams, glulam, I beams and others. Price- The price of the wood products are generally based on the cost of the wood products. The three most common pricing method used for determining the prices are, markup pricing, target return pricing. Another method of pricing used is demand based pricing, in this pricing is determined based on what the market is willing to pay. Place- The distribution of the wood products would be done mostly in New Zealand, the orders could be given at the head office of finger joints situated in New Zealand. Promotion Promotion of the wood products is done in the same way the promotions of industrial products are done. The main emphasis of finger joint company would be on personal selling and direct marketing, which the company would be doing by identifying the customers of the who need timber, ply or engineered products. Mainly in the offices that needs timber and furniture or other furniture manufacturing companies that would be using the wood products. Promotion using the common channels like televisions, radio would simply wastage only advertisements on the newspapers in the classified section will help the company get customers who want to buy timber and ply wood products (Sidin, 2017). Key marketing strategies The marketing strategy of the company would be to provide quality of wood products that guarantees longevity to the customers. Word of mouth would be used for promotional strategy and for pricing the company would use both cost based and market based strategies. The focus of the company would be on the industrial customers. Since there is not much product differentiation in this industry the strategy that would be used would mainly focus on cost differentiation, the focus of the company will be on reducing the cost in processing of wood products, so that they benefit even if they use market based pricing strategy. Strengths of the domestic market The domestic market of New Zealand is very profitable because finger joints can estimate a growth rate of 35 percent within three years. Any single company does not rule the existing domestic market of New Zealand, almost all the manufacturers have approximately same amount of market share. The increased number of industries has been increasing the demand for wood, as they are required in many purposes within an organization. Offices require wood products like ply and timber for many constructions works. Even the household constructions requires wood product. The demand has been estimated to increase in the future. There are not much producers in New Zealand. The price of wood products of finger joints is not much and hence it helps the company to create a competitive advantage in the market (Sidin, 2017). Weaknesses There is not much product differentiation and the demand does not vary because the demand is industrial demand. Only the household demand vary from customers to customers but the the issue is that house hold demand is not much. The producers want to focus mainly in the industrial customers. Another weakness is that some of the producers have well established their business in the industry. Getting raw materials is not easy and the company at times needs many work forces to complete the works related to processing of wood. Another weakness of the domestic market is that, the processing of wood products are both capital intensive and labor intensive, which requires both capital and human resources. For a new company allocation of both the resources is a major challenge (Sandberg, Haller Navi, 2013). Global production and trends Globally the demand for the wood products has been increasing for both industrial and household constructions and furniture making. This has led to increase in the investments in forest management. The trends have changed and people now demand for engineered products more. Ply and timber are the favorites of the customers. Apart from that, Sandwood is also in huge demand. For construction purposes people mostly use plywood, this trend is famous in hose hold constructions mostly (Raty et al., 2015). Recently the environmental activists have raised issues like deforestation, this called for changes in laws and regulations related to forests and hence the producers of wood products find it really difficult at times to accumulate raw materials and fulfill the demand of their customers. The environmental obligation is a worldwide phenomena (Armstrong et al., 2015). Global market analysis Canada is a country that is having the maximum number of producers. The largest producer of wood is also from Canada, the name of the company is West Fraser Timber co ltd. The company produces 5293 mmfbm in the year 2014. Other major producers of wood products are Canfor which also belongs to Canada. It can be seen that Canada has the maximum number of producers of wood products the reason is the availability of raw materials. Stora Enso of Finland is also among the largest producers of wood producing approximately 4646000 m3 per year, apart from Canada other global exporters of world are Austria, exporting 7 billion Kgs, Russia, 14 billion kgs, Chile exporting 6 billion kgs, USA exporting around 19.5 billion kgs. (Armstrong et al., 2015). Opportunities of NZ in Globally New Zealand market has great opportunities if the investors focus on forest management. If the producers do not get enough raw materials, it is not possible that they would be able to fulfill the demand. New Zealand can reduce the import of wood products by improving plantation of more wood producing useful tree like ply, timber and Sandwood. Recently the demand for finished wooden furniture have been increasing and the industries are focusing in getting ordering readymade wooden furniture, so providing them engineered goods would be beneficial for Finger woods. In the recent years, the lumber export industry in New Zealand has not enhanced in volume. Nevertheless, the global market value of lumber export has increased exponentially, from 523 million USD in 2006 to 608 million USD in 2010. On the other hand, in New Zealand the value of lumber exports to the US has fallen during this time, from 173 million USD in 2006 to 109 million USD in 2010. In terms of volume, China has lately become the largest lumber market for New Zealand (3rd in value). The major threat that Finger joints are facing is related to the decrease in the amount of investment in the forest management segment. Environmental concerns and pressure from pro environmentalists have made it difficult to cut tree to fulfill the demand of wood products (Li, Toppinen Lantta, 2016). References Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M., Brennan, R. (2015).Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education. Li, N., Toppinen, A., Lantta, M. (2016). Managerial perceptions of SMEs in the wood industry supply chain on corporate responsibility and competitive advantage: evidence from China and Finland.Journal of Small Business Management,54(1), 162-186. Raty, T., Toppinen, A., Roos, A., Riala, M., Nyrud, A. Q. (2016). Environmental Policy in the Nordic Wood Product Industry: Insights Into Firms' Strategies and Communication.BUSINESS STRATEGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT,25(1), 10-27. Sandberg, D., Haller, P., Navi, P. (2013). Thermo-hydro and thermo-hydro-mechanical wood processing: An opportunity for future environmentally friendly wood products.Wood Material Science Engineering,8(1), 64-88. Sidin, S. M. (2017). Impact of environmental factors as moderator on export marketing performance in wooden furniture industry.Jurnal Kemanusiaan,6(1). Sujov, A., Hlav?kov, P., Marcinekov, K. (2015). Evaluating the Competitiveness of Wood Processing Industry.Wood Industry/Drvna Industrija,66(4). Wan, M., Lhtinen, K., Toppinen, A. (2015). Strategic transformation in the value-added wood products companies: Case study evidence from China.International Journal of Emerging Markets,10(2), 224-242.

Those Winter Sundays free essay sample

Those Winter Sundays By Robert Hayden’s Robert Haydens Poem, Those Winter Sundays, is the perfect example of a life lesson. As a child growing up there are things we do not realize but eventually life reveals the significance of curtain things and in this poem Hayden’s has this experience. This poem shows how we take things and people closest to us for granted. He does this in three ways, blatantly, with the language he uses, and also with the mood and tone he sets. The speaker in the poem gives imagery of his father being a hard working man. In line 1 the speaker states, â€Å"Sundays too my father got up early. † Meaning that usully the Sundays when most people rest his father got up early to work. It is obvious that the father was a very hard worker by the lines, â€Å"with cracked hands that ached from labor in weekday weather†. We will write a custom essay sample on Those Winter Sundays or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In lines 3 through 5, it focuses on his father effort and endured suffering. He is tired from all the work and it is paid for in pain. Yet there isn’t enough pain in the world to prevent him from providing for his family by preparing a fire. But his family never thanked him for what he has done nor have they acknowledged him. The speaker believed that his father didn’t love him because his father never showed any affection towards his, but little did he know that his father showed his love through the work his did. In the first stanza it seems that Hayden used great language to emphasize his meanings. Notice the sounds that he uses as he tells the beginning of this story. In line 6, consonance continues as the Sunday morning experience is introduced. In line 7 and 8, the father calls to the son, who then performs the same act as the father in lines and two by rising and dressing. By them doing the same thing, the speaker has come to understand this childhood experience by eventually finding himself in the role of the father. In line 9, it ends with a powerful line. It seems the idea of â€Å"chronic angers† is introduced into clam scene in which the father makes the house warm and comfortable for his family. In line 13, the speaker says, â€Å"What did I know, what did I know. Now he is realizing that his father really did love him and just showed his loved indirectly. But since he’s an adult now he understands that his father love was just indirect, he father truly did love his and showed it by for the family.

Denied SSD Applicants Face Economic Challenges

Denied SSD Applicants Face Economic Challenges Few Alternatives in the Face of SSDI Denials A new study examined economic outcomes of Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) applicants denied benefits by the Social Security Administration (SSA). Findings indicate such applicants suffer economic harm and fare poorly in the job market. A detailed article on the findings appears here.Older SSDI applicants denied benefits due to stringent SSA standards go on to struggle with greatly decreased earnings in the job market. Though disability causes applicants economic harm, most are denied benefits at first. Without an appeal, these applicants face dim prospects going forward.About SSDIThe SSA provides SSDI to those who have worked, paid into the system, and suffered a disability that leaves them unable to work. SSDI benefits carry over until the recipient reaches retirement.About the StudyResearchers Jody Schimmel Hyde and April Wu of Mathematica tracked a group of applicants who were initially denied SSDI benefits through SSA. Among the sample group studied:All applicants wer e at least 50-years-oldThe average age of the group was 59 yearsEach had worked enough hours to qualifyMost worked five years before applyingFew worked for five years after denialOver 50% of the sample group eventually received benefits before reaching their full retirement age, including successful appeals, new applications, or reduced benefits at early retirement.About the FindingsThe study shows poor economic outcomes for those denied benefits. For those who came close to qualifying, too disabled to return to their jobs, yet capable of other work, employment numbers fell off sharply. This confirms a 1989 Government Accountability Office (GAO) study in which few people denied SSDI benefits ever worked again, and those who returned to work saw declining wages and high poverty. A summary of studies from 2011 and 2015 supports these findings.We Can HelpIf you are disabled and unable to work, call Disability Attorneys of Michigan for a free confidential consultation. We’ll let you know if we can help you get a monthly check and help you determine if any money or assets you receive could impact your eligibility for disability benefits.Disability Attorneys of Michigan works hard every day helping the disabled of Michigan seek the Social Security Disability and Veterans Disability benefits they need. If you are unable to work due to a physical, mental, or cognitive impairment, call Disability Attorneys of Michigan now for a free consultation at 800-949- 2900.Let Michigan’s experienced disability law firm help you get the benefits you deserve.Disability Attorneys of Michigan, Compassionate Excellence. Michigan Social Security Disability Lawyer, Michigan Social Security Disability Lawyers, Social Security Disability Benefits

Predicting Spanish Nouns From Verbs

Predicting Spanish Nouns From Verbs In English, it is very common for the same word to be used as both noun and verb. For example, the verb trust can also be a noun, as can the verb help. But, except with infinitives, the relationship between verb and noun isnt as straightforward. The noun form for help is ayuda, which is very close to the verb, ayudar. The same is true of trabajo (job or work as a noun) and trabajar (verb). But in the case of trust, the forms are confiar (verb) and confianza (noun). About the best that can be said is that its extremely common for nouns and verbs to share the same stem. Sometimes, as in the examples of trabajo and ayuda, the noun is made up basically of the stem with an ending that marks it as a noun (its probably just coincidence that trabajo and ayuda also have the form of a conjugated verb), while in other cases the stem is followed by a suffix, as in the case of confianza. (-Anza is a not-so-common noun suffix; the related verb is confiar means to trust.) In other words, the nouns related to verbs seem arbitrary. Here are just a few examples of some noun forms of common verbs: cantar (to sing) - el canto (song, the act of singing)decir (to say) - el dicho (saying)estar (to be) - el estado (state of being)hablar (to speak) - el habla (speech)perder (to lose) - la pà ©rdida (loss)preferir (to prefer) - la preferencia (preference)sentir (to feel) - el sentimiento (feeling)tener (to have) - la tenencia (possession)ver (to look) - la vista (vision, view) Good luck finding much of a pattern there! (In most cases, there are also other noun forms not listed above.) Clearly, there are some nouns that are derived from past participles, but its still unpredictable whether the participle will be modified (as in pà ©rdida) or which gender it will be. Keep in mind also that many Spanish infinitives can function as nouns, and some of them quite commonly so. For example, the verb poder (to be able) can be used as a noun to mean power, and saber (to know) can be used as a noun to mean knowledge. As you continue to use the language, youll learn the nouns on their own and youll no longer have to predict what they might be. Also, if you come across an unfamiliar noun (or verb), you may be able to guess its meaning if you know the related word.

Food additives used in the meat industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Food additives used in the meat industry - Essay Example n food, clothing, and other facets of living, then there grew the effort not just to ban those harmful ingredients, but also to scrutinize any manmade products that altered the natural composition of things, especially food products. This has lead to the food industry, and especially the meat industry, which is already coming under fire from vegetarians and naturalists, to consider alternatives to food additives whenever possible. It is not, however, always possible to eliminate entirely food additives, because, first, they are necessary, and, secondly, they are not necessarily harmful to human consumption. Still, the controversy goes on. Food additives, including those added to meat products, and are used for the purpose of preserving the food or meat product in order that it might retain its flavor while being transported to destinations, which are often long distances from the point of production (Goldstein Chandler, Myrna and Goldstein, Mark A., M.D., 2002, 1). In the United States, since 1958, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) must approve all food additives (Goldstein and Goldstein, 2). There is a list of five reasons that the Center for Food and Safety and Applied Nutrition lists as justifying the of meat additives (Goldstein and Goldstein, 2). 1. â€Å"To maintain product consistency. Emulsifiers give products a consistent texture and prevent them from separating. Stabilizers and thickeners give smooth uniform texture. Anti-caking agents help substances such as salt to flow freely. 2. To improve or maintain nutritional value. Vitamins and minerals are added to many common foods, such as milk, flour, cereal and margarine to make up for those likely to be lacking in a person’s diet or lost in processing. Such fortification and enrichment has helped reduce malnutrition among the U.S. population. All products containing added nutrients must be appropriately labeled. 3. To maintain palatability and wholesomeness. Preservatives retard product

Pursuasive Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Pursuasive - Essay Example Even then, he chose his words carefully by calling this phenomenon, ‘global climate change.’ In 1997, the Kyoto Treaty, which has now been signed by more than 160 countries, is, to date, the most comprehensive global effort to decrease CO2 emissions. Though the agreement was signed by the U.S. and then President Clinton consented to decrease greenhouse emissions in the U.S. by 40 percent, it has been dismissed by the Bush administration and has yet to be ratified by the U.S. CO2 greenhouse gases have since increased in the country that produces well more than any other (Melinin, 2005). Unfortunately, the country that causes the most harm is lead by a person that seems to have ‘cause the most harm’ as his calling card. The solution to automobile emissions may lie in alternative fuels. Promising future alternatives to crude oil, vegetable oil can be substituted for diesel fuel while ethanol is an effective gasoline additive. Brazil began converting to ethanol in the 1970’s and today does not import a drop of oil. Britain and other countries of Western Euro pe are following suit. Iceland is already well on its way to becoming the first nation to generate its power needs by means of hydrogen fuel-cells and France is leading the way in building nuclear power plants (â€Å"Alternatives to Oil†, 2002). The scientific community agrees that global temperatures are rising due to the burning of fossil fuels which are damaging the protective atmospheric Ozone layer by changing its composition. Human pollution is changing the climate of our earth and has increased global warming in the past half century. The film by Al Gore An Inconvenient Truth is pointed directly at citizens and politicians of the U.S. who, for reasons unknown to Gore and the rest of the civilized world, are either unaware or deny global warming exists except in the mind of liberal environmentalists. To this end, Gore attacks the misconceptions perpetrated by large

Recommendations to the Wallace Group Essay Example for Free

Recommendations to the Wallace Group Essay Mr. Wallace, I have concluded my interviews with your team and have a list of recommendations based on priorities. The recommendations are unbiased and not intended to be personal attacks on the current management; they are based on the sound management principles and intended to maximize your company’s potential. a. Realign the corporate structure. Begin by recruiting a new board of directors using outside directors, â€Å"executives of other firms but are not employees of the board’s corporation†1, in addition to a limited number of management directors from inside the company. This combination of three companies working as independent entities is not working, they must be integrated and a different management organizational structure must be implemented. This group will be able to accomplish the next recommendation. b. Develop a mission statement and goals. The company must embark upon strategic management planning. This will include: †¢Clearer sense of strategic vision for the firm †¢Sharper focus on what is strategically important Improved understanding of a rapidly changing environment1 The Wallace group lacks vision and goals for its divisions and this leads to a lack of direction for the management team. A mission statement â€Å"defines the fundamental, unique purpose that sets a company apart from other firms of its type and identifies the scope of the company’s operations in terms of products offered and markets served†1. This business must develop a corporate wide strategic management plan to set a direction for the company and its shareholders. A part of this management planning would consist of SWOT analysis, strategy formulation, implementation and evaluation. This process is often referred to as Plan – Do – Act – Check or PDAC and is a continuous process. Making a profit today is not enough; there has to be an evaluation of where the company is now, where will it be in 2, 5, 10 years and how the company will attain those goals. c. Change the organizational chart: There needs to be an in-depth evaluation of the personnel currently in place. The current chart is one of vertical structure and should be revamped to be more horizontal. This accomplishes the goals of empowerment and coordination between the divisions. A glaring problem is the VP of the chemical division, J. Luskics, as he was the former owner that guided the company into foreclosure and appears to not be running the division efficiently now. The chemical division is not even internally competitive for the plastics or electronics divisions. Mr. Luskics should either be bought out of the company or reassigned to a position that he might be successful. There also is a redundancy among positions in the company, for example there are three directors of industrial relations, these positions should either be combined or incentivized to cooperate in the best interest of the company. d. Personnel development. There is no apparent leadership development in place and the company has relied on promoting technical staff to management positions which many are not equipped to handle. There needs to be a leadership development series initiated, leadership retreats to communicate and encourage relations amongst the teams, and perhaps some Management Assessment of Proficiency (MAP) testing to asses the current management team. Management development and succession planning must be implemented to ensure long term success. Job responsibilities need to be developed and implemented for all positions but specifically for the management team; including specific goals, budgeting, forecasting (long range planning), training, and staff satisfaction. . Communication. The lack of clear strategies, long term plans, goals and objectives has led to the recent revolt at the stockholders meeting. This is a clear indication of the frustration felt from the staff level up and the new direction of the company must be clearly communicated to all staff. Enthusiasm is contagious and the presentation of a new course for the company will be very exciting for staff. Employee surveys, sugges tion boxes and an engaging of the front line staff will do much to improve morale and spark improvements. I would like to commend you sir for creating a successful company but I do believe there are concrete steps that you can take to improve the future of this company. Mr. Wallace I believe the development of a vision will produce great results, with this vision you will attract personnel that want to be a part of a great company and profits for all involved will naturally follow. Remember â€Å"Visionary companies make some of their best moves by experimentation, trial and error, opportunism, and – quite literally – accident†2. I estimate that this plan of action will initially cost $1. 5 million but there will be cost savings realized in personnel reassignments, recruitment and retention, productivity, and a renewed sense of commitment that will be reflected in profits far surpassing the costs.

Echo Personality Disorder :: essays research papers

Echo Personality Disorder is a specific and highly differentiated form of dependency, marked by behaviours of compliance and a need to 'mirror' significant others -parents, spouse, friends, employer. It has been found that those with EPD are highly attracted to relationships with individuals who show marked narcissistic tendencies. This mirroring behaviour was the reason for choosing the name Echo personality disorder, which is based on the Greek myth of Narcissus and Echo. In this story Echo, a forest nymph, falls completely in love with the egocentric youth Narcissus, and when he shows clear signs of rejecting her, she persists in her attatchement to him and will not be moved from her aim. She finally satisfies him with the masochistic task of echoing back to him all that he says. This too is the central feature of EPD behaviour in relationships, where the individual will mirror, echo, and compliment another at the expense of their own self-worth and dignity. Self descriptions by EPD sufferers focus strongly on percieved fears of abandonment, rejection, and loss, and these agonizing feelings are the driving force behind the above-mentioned interpersonal coping style (mirroring others). These individuals protect themselves from abandonment/rejection by being so agreeable to others, via their mirroring capacity, that chances of re-experiencing abandonment agony is brought to a low minimum. Unfortunately this approach amounts to a false existence with little or no true self expression, and eventually leads to poor psychological health. Characteristic experiential history for EPD often involves individuals being parented by caretakers who are themselves self-absorbed or narcissistic. In this environment the child learns that asserting ones true self will be met with a form of (often serial) rejection, to which they respond by substituting compliant behaviour in place of true selfhood. This 'compliant' behaviour can then be witnessed as a stable feature throughout the childs growing-up years, with other school children, and within the family. Depression, smoking, alcoholism, addictive behaviour all occur with very high frequency in this disorder. On a positive note, EPD people are excellent contributors to society, and to family, as they are found to be very perceptive of the needs of others.

A Blessing James Wright Essay

In the poem â€Å"A Blessing,† James Wright analyzes the relationship between human beings and nature through the descriptive explanation of an encounter between his friend and himself and two Indian horses. He shows that although we are able to relate and interact with the animals we don’t have the ability to join them or as Wright puts it: â€Å"break into blossom† (26-27). Wright uses imagery and personification to describe the nature he witnesses as he escapes from the stress of human life. The ponies in this poem are personified by comparing them to human beings, mainly through the description of their emotions. This personification lessens the gap between the author and the horses and separates him from civilization represented by the highways of Rochester, Minnesota. As the poem goes on the differences between the humans and nature start to fade away as they begin to interact. When the poem opens we see the harsh contrast between the highways of human civilization and the imagery being used to describe setting of the encounter between the humans and nature, or the horses. See more: Examples of satire in adventures of huckfinn essay The horses welcome the writer and his friend, which is shown through personification. The writer and his friend â€Å"step over the barbed wire into the pasture† (7) and meet the lonesome horses that have been alone all day. The barbed wire serves as a figurative barrier between the human world and the natural world of the horses in the pasture. The simile: â€Å" they bow shyly as wet swans† (12) describes the ponies and shows the beauty and elegance of the ponies in their natural environment. The ponies are at home in their environment as â€Å"they begin munching on the young tufts of spring in the darkness† (15). The author is also starting to feel more comfortable in the natural world, on the other side of the barbed wire. Wright describes the beauty of the horses using imagery of their mane and their colors. The writer is so drawn in by this beauty in the horses that he desires to become a part of them and â€Å"hold the slenderer one† (18). This shows the merging of the two groups into one happy combination of the two. This point is proved further as â€Å"A light breezes moves [the author] to caress [the ponies] long ear† (23), showing that nature itself is encouraging the merging of the two sides, because the wind encourages the hand to pet the horses ear. Another simile is used to describe the horse’s ear â€Å"as delicate as the skin over a girl’s wrist† (24), again blurring the line between human and nature. Finally Wright comes to the realization that if he were â€Å"blessed† enough he would be able to step out of his body and break into blossom, thus becoming a part of nature. But, he realizes that is past the realm of reality and therefore cannot be done. Wright examines the relationship of human being and nature using his descriptive language including such devices as imagery and similes. Wright sees the idea of nature and humans joining as one as a possible feat and he shows this though his written experience with these Indian ponies. He initially shows the contrast of the two worlds, but they grow on each other and end up becoming one. Wright sees the loneliness of the ponies, gains their affection, as the ponies are very welcoming. He ultimately ends up wanting to join them by being able to â€Å"break into blossom† (26-27), but he is unable to do so because he reached the maximum threshold of the union between humans and nature. Which brings us back to the Wright is able to disregard the average day for humans and take a day to appreciate the true value of nature in its raw form while ignoring the troubles of the human world. With this he creates a memorable analysis of the relationship between humans and the natural world.

Accounting Essays – BT Cashflow Changes

BT Cashflow Changes.BT Group ( BT ) is the taking UK company supplying landline telecommunication services and equipment. It besides had the nomadic telecommunication concern which was later sold as MMO2. After the sale of nomadic concern, BT ‘s profile has now changed from a growing company to a mature hard currency bring forthing company. A )Fiscal public presentationThe most common nonsubjective appraisal of the fiscal public presentation of a house is the return it generates on its assets and the measure and quality of the returns. Measure is measured by the absolute and per centum alteration in entire net incomes. The net income and loss history of an administration and its analysis are the premier and first indexs of a house ‘s fiscal public presentation. The latest one-year consequences of BT is for the period stoping 31 March 2005. Appendix I shows the sum-up of cardinal net income and loss figures over the last three old ages. BT ‘s turnover and net income after revenue enhancement in 2005 have increased as compared to 2004 but are still lower than those in 2003. The turnover has declined by 5.7 % merely whereas net income after revenue enhancement has declined by 32.7 % over the two twelvemonth period. This shows that the concern has really low variable costs which is in line with the heavy fixed cost investings usually made by telecommunication companies in set uping their webs and subsequent really low variable costs in transporting informations. While turnover increased in 2005, runing net incomes have declined. This indicates that the concern is confronting some pricing force per unit areas or is passing more on advertizement as the operating net income declined by 0.5 % merely. BT ‘s 2005 net income after revenue enhancement was & A ; lb ; 1,820m and was well higher than & A ; lb ; 1,406m. Though the absolute net income is really high figure compared to most of the concerns and indicates that the company is in strong fiscal place, it besides shows that BT has high fiscal purchase. The company paid a important high involvement and if grosss and operating borders come under more force per unit area, it could hold problem paying involvement costs. BT is cognizant of this issue and has focused on cut downing its net debt. After confronting tough times in early 2000s, it has sold many old investings to raise money for refunding debt. BT ‘s portion monetary value rose after it announced its strategic determination to cut down net debt by raising money through divestments. The net involvement payments have declined from & A ; lb ; 1,439m in 2003 to & A ; lb ; 801m in 2005. Not merely that, the net involvement payment has declined from 49.5 % of operating net income to 29.0 % from 2003 to 2005. The decrease in net involvement as a per centum of operating net income is an of import betterment as it gives investors comfort that even if operating borders come under force per unit area, the company would still be able to run into its involvement liabilities. One speedy manner to analyze a company ‘s public presentation is to look at the net incomes per portion form. The net incomes per portion had besides a alteration form similar to that of net income after revenue enhancement. It foremost decreased from 31.4p in 2003 to 16.4p in 2004 before increasing to 21.4p in 2005. The 2005 addition in net incomes per portion highlights the betterment in public presentation. Though the net incomes did lessening in 2004, BT kept on increasing entire dividend paid to stockholders. This shows the direction ‘s religion in concern traveling frontward and its ability to run into higher dividend outlooks in future. The returns generated on assets is measured by Return on Capital employed ( ROCE ) . Appendix II shows the computation of ROCE for BT. BT had a healthy ROCE of 19.0 % and 20.7 % in 2004 and 2005. The quality of returns is measured by their consistence and by the spread of net incomes, i.e. , the per centum of net incomes being generated from different divisions and locations. The less trust of net incomes on any one division and/or location means the company is in better form to defy downswings in its markets. None of BT ‘s concern contributed more than 50 % in its turnover in the twelvemonth ended 31 March 2005 ( BT, 2005 ) . This indicates that BT Group is moderately good protected from the diminutions in a concern line. The state of affairs is somewhat different if we look at the operating net incomes where BT Wholesale division contributes more than 50 % of net runing net incomes. Any more border force per unit areas in this concern could cut down future net incomes. Most of BT ‘s net incomes originate from UK and hence it net incomes are susceptible to alterations in UK economic system. Fiscal placeThe fiscal place of a company covers its fiscal construction, its assets and liabilities, its liquidness and hazard direction attack ( Accounting Standards 2004/2005 ) . Appendix III gives the high spots of BT Group ‘s balance sheet from 2004 to 2005. The entire fixed assets have increased by & A ; lb ; 639m in the last twelvemonth. While entire fixed assets have increased, the entire current assets have decreased by & A ; lb ; 254m, so entire assets have increased by & A ; lb ; 385m. The lower addition in entire assets as compared to increase in fixed assets is chiefly due to diminish in hard currency and investings. The major alteration in fiscal construction has occurred on the liabilities side. The entire current liabilities have gone up by & A ; lb ; 3,938m due to increase in current loans and adoptions of & A ; lb ; 3,227m. This shows that BT is financing much more of its assets from current adoptions. The monolithic addition in current loans and adoptions has reversed the net current assets ( liabilities ) place. BT had net current assets of & A ; lb ; 2,027m in 2004 and had net current liabilities of & A ; lb ; 2,165m in 2005, a net lessening in current assets of & A ; lb ; 4,192m. While the current liabilities have increased, the long term creditors have decreased by & A ; lb ; 4,335m. If we merely look at long-run creditors, the decrease is impressive and it gives more assurance to the investors that company is in better fiscal place now. But when we combine the lessening in long term creditors with the addition in current liabilities, the net alteration is really less. And the fact that alterations in current liabilities is chiefly due to borrowing alternatively of addition in trade creditors means that the funding of assets has simply shifted from long term adoptions to short term adoptions. The current assets to current liabilities ratio has declined from 1.24 to 0.83 in the last one twelvemonth, a mark of concern in footings of liquidness particularly when the addition in liabilities is non chiefly due to higher trade creditors. Debt to equity ratio indicates the funding of assets. BT had entire debt of & A ; lb ; 13,697m in 2004 and the corresponding figure for 2005 was & A ; lb ; 12,589m, a lessening of & A ; lb ; 1,108m. If we now exclude hard currency and short term investings from entire debt, BT ‘s net debt was & A ; lb ; 8,425m and & A ; lb ; 7,786m in 2004 and 2005 severally. The net debt to book value of equity ratio declined from 2.75 in 2004 to 2.02 in 2005. This means that debt fundss about twice assets as being financed by equity. Higher sum of debt consequences in lower leaden mean cost of capital as debt is cheaper equity. But as BT reduces more debt, its leaden mean cost of capital will increase. The addition would be partly offset by lower cost of equity due to take down opportunities of bankruptcy. Hazard of bankruptcy is measured by involvement screen ratio which is defined as the ratio of hard currency available for involvement payments to net involvement. Appendix IV shows the EBITDA computation and involvement screen ratio. The involvement screen ratio has increased from 6.1 in 2004 to 7.0 in 2005. The healthy involvement screen ratio shows that BT has farther reduced the hazard of bankruptcy and is in better fiscal place now. The debt degree is now really much within manageable degrees and is more like a hard currency rich mature company. Companies usually tend to follow certain dividend tendency to signal market of their appraisal of future net incomes. Dividend declaration is besides portion of hazard direction as it is based on direction ‘s appraisal of future hard currency coevals and outgo outlooks. The hiking in dividend in 2004 and 2005 inspite of diminution in net incomes in 2004 shows the direction appraisal of future low hazards to hard currency flows. Fiscal AdaptabilityAn entity ‘s fiscal adaptability is its ability to take effectual action to change the sum and timing of its hard currency flows so that it can react to unexpected demands or chances ( Accounting Standards 2004/2005, page 26 ) . Appendix V shows the chief elements of amalgamate hard currency flow statement of BT Group. BT Group is bring forthing high sums of hard currency influx from operating activities. During the twelvemonth ended 31 March 2005, the company generated & A ; lb ; 5,900m of net hard currency from operating activities. BT is in telecommunication concern which demands comparatively high degree of absolute investings. It spent & A ; lb ; 2,408m on capital outgo during the twelvemonth ended 31 March 2005. Even if we believe that all of capital outgo was required under normal operations, BT was still left with & A ; lb ; 2,282m of excess hard currency in 2005. As we can see from the Appendix III that BT has now focused on refund of loans. During the last three old ages, the company has reduced adoptions by & A ; lb ; 7,395m. Though BT is able to bring forth important sum of hard currency before disposals but that was non plenty in 2003 and 2004 to refund loans. The company so sold some of its investings to bring forth hard currency for loan refunds. BT besides pays a important sum of dividend to its stockholders. So if its cyberspace hard currency from operations do diminish in future, it has still some buffer in footings of dividend payments to take attention of loan refunds. B )The aim of fiscal statement is to supply information about the coverage entity ‘s fiscal public presentation and fiscal place that is utile to a broad scope of users for measuring the stewardship of the entity ‘s direction and for doing economic determinations ( Accounting Standards, 2004, page 22 ) . The conformity of an entity ‘s fiscal studies with UK ‘s Accounting Standards can be gauged over two chief countries – content and format. Content is of import to give true and right image of a house ‘s fiscal public presentation and place. Different users need different information. Fiscal statements are used by investors to establish their investing determination. So it is of import that fiscal statements have the right content to assist accomplish this end. It is besides of import to hold right format of presentation. Investors are more likely to experience comfy if they see familiar presentation manner and can so measure the company easy. We will look at the content and major fiscal statements to see whether they comply with UK Accounting Standards. We will so besides at few extra notes to fiscal statements to see whether they are besides in line with true and just rule and give the readers a clear image of the entity. First of all we compare net income and loss statement with FRS 3 ‘Reporting fiscal public presentation ‘ . BT ‘s amalgamate net income and loss statement clearly shows the entire turnover and portion from joint venture and associates, and in making so gives more lucidity of its gaining base. The fiscal statement format is similar to the illustration formats shown in Accounting Standards 2004/2005. BT ‘s 2005 Annual Report nevertheless does n't demo portion of turnover and net incomes from discounted operations ( BT, 2005 ) . It is because BT did n't sell any concern in 2005. If we look at the 2002 Annual Report ( BT, 2002 ) , it shows the turnover and net incomes from discounted operations besides. The fiscal statement besides has statement of entire recognized additions and losingss in line with FRS 3 patterns. So the histories run into net income and loss statement UK Accounting Standards in footings of both content and format. We now compare BT ‘s hard currency flow statement with the format prescribed in FRS 1 ‘Cash flow statements ‘ . BT ‘s hard currency flow statement has non merely got all the headers but they are besides in the same order as mentioned in FRS 1. BT study besides gives sub-categories under the major headers and hence is a echt attempt to educate investors every bit much as possible on the coevals and usage of hard currency flows. BT hard currency flow statement uses the format prescribed for the ‘Group ‘ histories. The notes to fiscal statement besides has detailed describing on rapprochement of operating net income to run hard currency flows, analysis of net debt, acquisition and disposals in line with formats for the ‘Group ‘ histories. The following subdivision we analyse is on segmental coverage and look into its comparison with SSAP 25 ‘Segmental Reporting ‘ . SSAP 25 says that a populace limited company should supply segmental analysis on lines of concern category and geographical location. The notes to fiscal statement subdivision in the 2005 Annual Report has a subdivision on segmental coverage wherein BT shows the turnover, runing profit/ ( loss ) and net assets/ ( liabilities ) of different concern lines. It besides provides the above informations based on the geographical location of contrary coevals. The above meets SSAP 25 demands and besides helps investors make a better judgement of hazards faced by BT. BT is in telecommunication concern where engineering alteration is rapid. BT has acquired many companies in recent old ages to maintain gait with the technological developments. So it is of import to analyze the acquisition policies and revelations are in line with the UK Accounting Standards. FRS 6 ‘Acquisitions and Mergers ‘ and FRS 7 ‘Fair values in acquisition accounting ‘ govern the acquisition accounting policies. BT ‘s one-year study under ‘Notes to fiscal statements ‘ gives elaborate revelation of entire and just value of the acquisitions made by it. BT ‘s fiscal statements non merely give the book and just value of acquisitions but besides a elaborate account of them for each acquisition. The clear and easy to understand format of fiscal statements and the deepness of information in them signals that BT non merely merely make the lower limit to run into UK Accounting Standards but besides follows them in true spirit. Appendix I – Highlight of BT Group ‘s net income and loss histories ( Beginning: BT Annual Report and Form 20-F ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.btplc.com/Sharesandperformance/Howwehavedone/Financialreports/Annualreports/AnnualReports.htm ) Appendix II – ROCE of BT Group ( Beginning: BT Annual Report and Form 20-F ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.btplc.com/Sharesandperformance/Howwehavedone/Financialreports/Annualreports/AnnualReports.htm ) Appendix III – Highlight of BT Group ‘s balance sheet ( Beginning: BT Annual Report and Form 20-F ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.btplc.com/Sharesandperformance/Howwehavedone/Financialreports/Annualreports/AnnualReports.htm ) Appendix IV – Interest screen ratio ( Beginning: BT Annual Report and Form 20-F ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.btplc.com/Sharesandperformance/Howwehavedone/Financialreports/Annualreports/AnnualReports.htm ) Appendix V – Highlight of BT Group ‘s hard currency flow statements ( Beginning: BT Annual Report and Form 20-F ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.btplc.com/Sharesandperformance/Howwehavedone/Financialreports/Annualreports/AnnualReports.htm ) Bibliography and mentions Accounting Standards 2004/2005 – Extant at 30 April 2004 ( 2004 ) ; Wolters Kluwer ( UK ) Limited. BT ( 2005 ) ; BT Annual Report and Form 20-F for the twelvemonth ended 31 March 2005 ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.btplc.com/Sharesandperformance/Howwehavedone/ Financialreports/Annualreports/AnnualReports.htm BT ( 2002 ) ; BT Annual Report and Form 20-F for the twelvemonth ended 31 March 2002 ;hypertext transfer protocol: //www.btplc.com/Sharesandperformance/Howwehavedone/Financialreports/Annualreports/Annualreportsarchive.htm

history of labor in america essays

history of labor in america essays The Industrial Revolution was dawning in the United States. At Lowell, Massachusetts, the construction of a big cotton mill began in 1821. It was the first of several that would be built there in the next 10 years. The machinery to spin and weave cotton into cloth would be driven by water power. All that the factory owners needed was a dependable supply of labor to tend the machines. As most jobs in cotton factories required neither great strength nor special skills, the owners thought women could do the work as well as or better than men. In addition, they were more compliant. The New England region was home to many young, single farm girls who might be recruited. But would stern New England farmers allow their daughters to work in factories? The great majority of them would not. They believed that sooner or later factory workers would be exploited and would sink into hopeless poverty. Economic "laws" would force them to work harder and harder for less and less pay. How, then, were the factory owners able to recruit farm girls as laborers? They did it by building decent houses in which the girls could live. These houses were supervised by older women who made sure that the girls lived by strict moral standards. The girls were encouraged to go to church, to read, to write and to attend lectures. They saved part of their earnings to help their families at home or to use when they got married. The young factory workers did not earn high wages; the average pay was about $3.50 a week. But in those times, a half-dozen eggs cost five cents and a whole chicken cost 15 cents. The hours worked in the factories were long. Generally, the girls worked 11 to 13 hours a day, six days a week. But most people in the 1830s worked from dawn until dusk, and farm girls were used to getting up early and working until bedtime at nine o'clock. The factory ...

Perdón para migrantes protegidos por la sección 245(i)

Perdà ³n para migrantes protegidos por la seccià ³n 245(i) La seccià ³n 245(i) de la Ley de Inmigracià ³n y Nacionalidad (INA, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) permite ajustar el estatus a personas indocumentadas y asà ­ obtener la tarjeta de residencia. El problema es que esta seccià ³n de la INA expirà ³. Sin embargo, algunos inmigrantes pueden estar todavà ­a hoy protegidos y, por lo tanto, podrà ­an pedir el ajuste de estatus. Quà © migrantes indocumentados podrà ­an beneficiarse de la seccià ³n 245 (i) Los inmigrantes que estn dentro de Estados Unidos en situacià ³n de indocumentados porque: entraron con visa y se quedaron ms tiempo del permitido.ingresaron al paà ­s ilegalmente sin pasar por un control migratoriocometieron alguna violacià ³n migratoria como, por ejemplo, aceptar empleo colocndose asà ­ en una situacià ³n de ilegalidad migratoria. Y no pueden arreglar los papeles sin salir de los Estados Unidos mediante lo que se conoce como un ajuste de estatus. Si salen de Estados Unidos tendrà ­an el problema de que automticamente se activarà ­a el castigo de los 3 o de los 10 aà ±os por presencia ilegal. Tener en cuenta que algunos indocumentados pueden ajustar su estatus por relacià ³n de cà ³nyuge, padre, madre o hijo soltero menor de 21 aà ±os con un ciudadano estadounidense. Pero incluso en estos casos no siempre es posible ajustar el estatus. Cules son los requisitos para estar estar protegido por la seccià ³n 245 (i) 1. Que el inmigrante tenga una peticià ³n de visa de inmigrante hecha   a su nombre por razà ³n de familia o de trabajo y que dicha peticià ³n se hubiera presentado el 30 de abril de 2001 o antes.   Es decir, tenga un certificado de trabajo (labor certification) o   una peticià ³n I-130 para familiar extranjero, I-140 para trabajador extranjero, I-360 para viudos o migrantes especiales. o I-526 para empresario extranjero a travà ©s del programa EB5. 2. Que la peticià ³n hubiera sido aprobada (puede ser posteriormente a esa fecha) 3. Y si la peticià ³n se presentà ³ entre el 14 de enero de 1998 y el 30 de abril de 2001, el beneficiario principal de la peticià ³n debe poder demostrar que estaba fà ­sicamente presente en los Estados Unidos a fecha de 21 de diciembre de 2000. Eso es para el beneficiario  principal,en no para el derivado. Por ejemplo, en los casos en los que un ciudadano pide a su hermano, à ©ste serà ­a el principal, y el derivado la esposa/o del pedido y sus hijos solteros menores de 21 aà ±os. Destacar que en el caso de familiares derivados, la relacià ³n de parentesco entre el beneficiario principal y el derivado debà ­a ya existir a fecha de 30 de abril de 2001.   Cà ³mo se pide beneficiarse de la proteccià ³n de la seccià ³n 245(i) Solicitante un ajuste de estatus (planilla I-485)Completando adems el suplemento I-485AEnviando toda la documentacià ³n de apoyoPagando la cuota del ajuste de estatus Antes de enviar cualquier planilla, asesorarse si realmente se califica. Asimismo, extremar el cuidado para cumplir con los requisitos de llenar correctamente los formularios. Quà © no se debe hacer si se cree que se es un buen candidato para esta proteccià ³n No salir de Estados Unidos mientras no se resuelve el asunto. Si se sale, en ese momento comienza a aplicar el castigo de los 3 y de los 10 aà ±os. A quià ©n no protege la seccià ³n 245(i) A las personas con un procedimiento de deportacià ³n abierto. Cundo la 245(i) no es suficiente para ajustar el estatus Es posible cumplir todos los requisitos para este perdà ³n pero que, finalmente, el ajuste de estatus se niegue y no se obtenga la tarjeta de residencia. Y es que para sacar la green card el migrante tiene que ser considerado admisible. Esto es, hay una serie de comportamientos o situaciones en el pasado del migrante que hacen imposible que pueda obtener los papeles, bien con carcter permanente o bien por un tiempo. A tener en cuenta para elegir la mejor opcià ³n y evitar fraudes Hay casos en los que podrà ­a aplicar la 245(i), pero realmente hay otras opciones que resultan mejores. Por ejemplo, una persona con una peticià ³n a su favor hecha en el aà ±o 2000 por un hermano ciudadano americano. Si esa persona ingresà ³ con visa y simplemente perdià ³ su estatus por quedarse ms tiempo del permitido y est ahora casada de buena fe con un ciudadano americano, podrà ­a ajustar su estatus sin necesidad de recurrir al 245(i). Sin embargo, si la misma persona del ejemplo, hubiera ingresado a Estados Unidos ilegalmente, no podrà ­a ajustar su estatus por el procedimiento regular y su opcià ³n serà ­a pedir la proteccià ³n del 245(i). Todos los casos de perdones son complejos y delicados. Lo mejor es siempre buscar a un abogado de inmigracià ³n reputado y con experiencia en el beneficio que se desea pedir.  Ã‚  Es cierto que en muchos casos es posible  solicitar un perdà ³n migratorio (waiver)  pero adems de cumplir con todos los requisitos, no es fcil obtenerlo. Por esta razà ³n, es aconsejable tener cuidado con las promesas que hacen algunos abogados inescrupulosos. Este artà ­culo no es consejo legal para ningà ºn caso concreto. Sà ³lo tiene valor informativo.

Current Events and U.S. Diplomacy Research Paper - 1

Current Events and U.S. Diplomacy - Research Paper Example A president’s foreign policy can be thoroughly diplomatic, while his military stance can play merely the role of a diplomatic apparatus. It is normally determined by the country’s economic, military, and sociopolitical statuses. Whereas a presidential doctrine is usually objective-oriented, the implement of this doctrine needs in-depth knowledge of and proper response to home economy, politics, military strength, etc. Simultaneously the president should have in-depth knowledge of and proper response to counterparty’s economy, politics, military strength, etc. During the developing stage of the Cold War in the first half of the 1960s, John Fitzgerald Kennedy’s foreign policy had been more diplomatic than his predecessor Dwight Eisenhower’s unyielding view about the US presence in the world politics. The diplomatic essence of the Kennedy Doctrine initially played a crucial role in building up the very premises –â€Å"Flexible Response to the I nternational Political Powers†, â€Å"Containment of Communism† and â€Å"Reversal of Soviet Progress in the West† –of the Kennedy Doctrine. ... In this regard Gaddis (2005) opined that also the failed CIA-backed military coup in Cuba, in spite of Kennedy’s promise to refrain from Cuban Affairs, provoked the president to be bold to pronounce the United States’ defensive stance regarding the Berlin issue and the diplomatic acknowledgement of the Soviet Union’s concern in Germany. (Gaddis, 2005, pp. 112-115) Kennedy’s policy for the â€Å"containment of communism† was essentially the legacy of Eisenhower and Truman’s foreign policy prerogatives. During the peak-hours of Cold War, Kennedy had no other choice but to follow his â€Å"White House predecessors† (Schweizer, 1994, pp. 65). Being panicked by the rapid communist advancement, both Truman and Eisenhower turned back to the country’s military strength -though they did not go into any direct war- to contain communism. As a result, superpowers involved into proxy wars in various geographical regions of interests. Nuclear arm race between the two main parties of the war, the USA and the Soviet Union, began as a response to the superpowers’ desire to overpower each other. During the period, the world experienced a worldwide regrouping of the countries into the US block and the Soviet bloc. This regrouping in the Soviet block was mainly based on the Marxist political ideology of Communism, whereas capitalism and democratic interests dominated the countries in the US block. This regroupings in both of the blocks often turned into expansionism and counter-expansionism. (Schweizer, 1994, pp. 69-74) The Soviet leadership’s expansionist desire to force Marxist ideals upon the rest of the earth panicked the wealthy capitalist west whose reaction to the communist expansionism eventually

Jury Selection Process Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Jury Selection Process - Research Paper Example The jury selection was interesting in the sense that it had 9 blacks, 1 Hispanic and 2 Whites in it, a total of 12 jury participants – 10 women and 2 men. Their education is divided; 9 were high school graduates, 2 College Graduates and one was without diploma. The jury sequestration is a highly complicated matter and requires considerable attention of the selecting bodies. For instance, the cost to tax payers for the jury sequestration in the O. J. Simpson trial reached a staggering $3 million (Dunham, 2009). The process followed for the sequestration included a questionnaire to be filled in by 250 potential members of the jury (Linders, 2008). They were also told at the time of filling in the questionnaire that they will be probably sequestered for a period of several months. Once the jury sequestration was completed, the media became the real critic of the sequestration. The court had to bear the cost of it all, court premise security as well as the security of the jury is part of the sequestration. Media constantly questioned the fairness and objectivity highlighting the fact the jury was held in a near imprisonment (Hayslett, 2008). In 1995, the jury let out the verdict while the court was surrounded by an army of policemen on horsebacks, to prevent a possible riot in the aftermath of the verdict. The jury recorded the verdict in favour of the former footballer, O. J. Simpson, as â€Å"not guilty†. The verdict may have been tainted by the involvement of the main prosecutor Fuhrman, who allegedly harboured hate feelings towards the African-Americans, and had been heard to call them ‘niggers’ on many occasions. The main reason why the jury called it â€Å"not guilty† was there was reasonable doubt as to the presence of the suspect (O.J.) at the scene of the crime. Implicative reasoning was that O. J. was a patient of

A Strategic Plan for Personal Development Assignment

A Strategic Plan for Personal Development - Assignment Example Conclusion Abstract Leadership can be defined as the various processes that people of authority practice to influence their peers or subordinates to agree and understand how to improve performance and interpersonal communication to achieve collective objectives (Jones & Goffee, 2007).Leadership in the contemporary society has various definitions that relate to good communication and achieving set objectives (Daft, 2011). Some leaders incorporate the use of psychological techniques such as emotional intelligence to impact good leadership abilities among employees. I desire to be a leader can influence other people towards goal attainment and shares the same objective with peers. Introduction I believe such leadership will help me motivate my subordinates towards attainment of common objectives and enhance interpersonal communications (Daft, 2011). Leadership process is either interactive or linear. An interactive process is a two-way communication where leaders and their peers or foll owers communicate by raising concerns and receiving a direct feedback. A linear leadership process is an authoritative form of leadership where leaders make decisions and implement changes without consulting their followers (Daft, 2011). Leaders influence their peers, subordinates and other stakeholders. ... Trait in leaders implies that some people have the right personality, values, motives and skills to be good leaders. Literature Review a. Process versus trait Process in leadership implies that skills and abilities are acquired through education, coaching and mentoring (Jago, 2006). Leadership process is available to all hardworking and reformed entrepreneurs willing to change their cognitive and behavioral aspect of life. Leaders can learn from other famous and successful leaders how to become the best in their organization. Emotional intelligence is also essential while learning how to become an influential and effective leader. Most business leaders shape their skills with a Master’s Degree in Business Administration and changing their behavior to accommodate diverse culture and behavior exhibited by other people in an organization (Daft, 2011). Coaching and mentoring in a leadership process is very important because successful leaders shape the minds and behavior of young and aspiring leaders to become influential. Mentoring is a process where decisions are affected by the experienced leaders before any action is implemented. The mentor acts as counselor to an aspiring leader by listening and giving sound advice that is needed to achieve set objectives of becoming a good leader (Sindell & Hoang, 2001). Trait in leadership is an added value, which is innate in nature (Goffee & Jones, 2006). Some people are born with leadership personalities, values and physical characteristics. There are leaders that speak fluently and influence people with both spoken and written word. Some leaders are extroverts, which imply that they socialize with all employees, stakeholders and customers to acquire new views and concerns from

Turner Syndrome Hormone

Turner Syndrome Hormone TURNER SYNDROME Turner syndrome was discovered by Dr. Henry Turner, an endocrinologist in 1938, when he noticed a set of common physical features in some of his female patients. Turner was born on August 28, 1892 in Harrisburg, Illinois and died on August 4, 1970 in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. An endocrinologist diagnoses diseases that affect your glands. Endocrinologists are trained to diagnose and treat hormone problems by helping to balance of hormones in your system. It wasnt until 1960 that a chromosomal abnormality was discovered. Turner syndrome is a rare genetic chromosomal disorder that affects approximately one out of 2,500 3,000 females in every birth. Females inherit one â€Å"X chromosome from their mother and one â€Å"X† chromosome from their father. If one â€Å"X† chromosome is missing from the cell, that is Turner syndrome. â€Å"Turner syndrome is present at conception or following the first cell division, and it remains throughout life.† Some scientists say it â€Å"may be a result from an error during the division (meiosis) of a parents sex cell. Turner syndrome can be diagnosed by a simple blood test called karyotype either during pregnancy or after birth. â€Å"A karyotype test that shows that you have Turner syndrome reveals 45 chromosomes (only one X chromosome), instead of the normal 44 autosomes and 2 X chromosomes (XX) that are found in females.† Here are a few if the physical features of Turner syndrome: Short stature; one of the missing genes in the â€Å"X† chromosome is the SHOX gene. This gene is responsible for the long bone growth development; â€Å"more than 95% of adult women with Turner syndrome exhibit short stature†. Without it, your bones dont grow the way they should; average adult height with Turner syndrome is 4 feet 7 inches. â€Å"Scoliosis affects the spine and occurs in 10% of young girls with Turner syndrome and may contribute to their short stature.† Scoliosis can be diagnosed by a Pediatrician. This also includes short fingers and short toes; wrist and elbow joints turn out away from the body. Hands and feet can look puffy or swollen at birth. The nails on the fingers are soft and turn upward at the ends when a girl with Turner syndrome gets older. Webbed neck; in some cases you will see extra skin on the side of the neck. It looks like â€Å"wings†. This is where the neck and the collar bone connect and can be corrected with surgery. Abnormal kidney, a normal kidney is shaped like a bean and someone who has Turner syndrome, their kidney is shaped like a horseshoe. Also, you should have two kidneys and someone with Turner syndrome, usually only has one kidney. Having only one kidney and the fact that it doesnt function the way it is suppose to, can also cause diabetes, which can be deadly if you dont treat it with medication, good eating habits and lots of exercise. Lack of sexual development at puberty; females with Turner syndrome have little to no sexual development; their ovaries, breasts, the uterus never fully develops and there is no menstruation cycle, which means that they cant reproduce. The most deadly of the physical features is the heart defects, because it is the most common cause of death in adults with Turner syndrome. The major heart vessels are much smaller than normal heart vessels. â€Å"The major blood vessels from the heart have two vessels rather than three vessels that regulate the blood flow.† This can be corrected with surgery. Other disorders include high blood pressure, obesity, cataracts, thyroid problems, and arthritis. Girls with Turner syndrome usually have normal intelligence, but some may have learning difficulties in math. Many also have a problem with requiring map reading or visual organization, but are able to write well and learn well. People with Turner syndrome go to regular schools and take regular classes. Hearing problems are also more common in girls with Turner syndrome. Red and green color blindness also occurs in girls with Turner syndrome. There is treatment for Turner syndrome. Some females have been treated with hormone replacement therapy that increases their height and helps the development of the breasts. Some females also take the male hormone so their hair and muscle growth can be almost normal. Not everyone who takes the growth hormone, androgen have much change in their growth. The female hormone is called estrogen, which also help their sexual development. Estrogen therapy is usually started at age 12 or 13 to help stimulate the growth of sexual development. Having Turner syndrome can also lower a young girls self-esteem. There are a lot of ways to help someone feel better about there self. For example to try on different clothing styles until she finds what makes her feel happy or fits her personality. This can help build a positive body image and self-esteem. Or maybe participate in activities where height doesnt matter, like skating, diving, horseback riding, babysitting, or volunteer work. They should stay active in sports and hobbies they enjoy. Turner syndrome can not be inherited from parent to child because most women with Turner syndrome are usually sterile. They dont have fully developed reproductive organs. There is no cure for Turner syndrome. People with Turner syndrome are all different. Some may have many physical differences and symptoms. Others may only have a few medical problems that are treatable. There is no known proof that this disorder affects more frequently in whites, blacks, Hispanics or any other ethnic group. Most people with Turner syndrome can live healthy and normal lives if they get good medical care. There is a foundation called The MAGIC Foundation for Childrens Growth. This is a group of parents with children who have a variety of growth disorders including Turner Syndrome. The foundation is here to help you understand and deal with the special issues all of the children face, whether it is a learning challenge due to Turner Syndrome or a physical challenge because they are short children. References: Clinical Features of Turner Syndrome http://turner.nichd.nih.gov Turner Syndrome Chart http://www.kidsgrowth.com Learn.Genetics Genetic Science Learning Center http://learngenetics.utah.edu Teens Health http://kidshealth.org/teen;diseases_conditions/genetic/turner.html â€Å"Family Medical Guide†, 4th Edition; American Medical Association, published by John Wiley Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey

Dimmesdales Guilt and Internal Struggle in Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter :: essays research papers

In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, Mr. Dimmesdale’s greatest fear is that the townspeople will find out about his sin of adultery with Hester Prynne. Mr. Dimmesdale fears that his soul could not take the shame of such a disclosure, as he is an important moral figure in society. However, in not confessing his sin to the public, he suffers through the guilt of his sin, a pain which is exacerbated by the tortures of Roger Chillingworth. Though he consistently chooses guilt over shame, Mr. Dimmesdale goes through a much more painful experience than Hester, who endured the public shame of the scarlet letter. Mr. Dimmesdale’s guilt is much more damaging to his soul than any shame that he might have endured. When the reader first meets Roger Chillingworth standing watching Hester on the scaffold, he says that he wishes the father could be on the scaffold with her. â€Å"‘It irks me, nevertheless, that the partner of her iniquity should not, at least, stand on the scaffold by her side† (46). At this point, Chillingworth wishes that Mr. Dimmesdale was also receiving the sort of shame Hester is being put through. Throughout the first few chapters of the novel, however, Chillingworth’s motives become more and more malicious. By the time Chillingworth meets Hester in her prison cell, he has decided to go after Mr. Dimmesdale’s soul. Chillingworth turns to this goal because Mr. Dimmesdale did not endure Hester’s shame on the scaffold. Had Mr. Dimmesdale chosen to reveal himself at the time of Hester’s shame, he would not have had to endure the pain of Roger Chillingworth’s tortures of his soul. When Mr. Dimmesdale finally confesses to the townspeople in the last hour of his life, he reveals what many saw to be a red A on his chest. Whether the letter was carved by him in an act of self-mutilation, if it was merely a figment of his guilt-ridden imagination, of if it was indeed created by Chillingworth’s torture, it is a symbol of the guilt that Mr. Dimmesdale endured. While it may seem like a poor mockery of Hester’s letter, which was visible to everyone, Mr. Dimmesdale’s caused him much more pain than Hester’s caused her. Over time, Hester’s letter came to be accepted by the townspeople, and once Hester had been accepted there was discussion of allowing her to remove it. In contrast, Mr. Dimmesdale’s letter was not visible to the public, though it caused him much pain. Dimmesdale's Guilt and Internal Struggle in Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter :: essays research papers In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, Mr. Dimmesdale’s greatest fear is that the townspeople will find out about his sin of adultery with Hester Prynne. Mr. Dimmesdale fears that his soul could not take the shame of such a disclosure, as he is an important moral figure in society. However, in not confessing his sin to the public, he suffers through the guilt of his sin, a pain which is exacerbated by the tortures of Roger Chillingworth. Though he consistently chooses guilt over shame, Mr. Dimmesdale goes through a much more painful experience than Hester, who endured the public shame of the scarlet letter. Mr. Dimmesdale’s guilt is much more damaging to his soul than any shame that he might have endured. When the reader first meets Roger Chillingworth standing watching Hester on the scaffold, he says that he wishes the father could be on the scaffold with her. â€Å"‘It irks me, nevertheless, that the partner of her iniquity should not, at least, stand on the scaffold by her side† (46). At this point, Chillingworth wishes that Mr. Dimmesdale was also receiving the sort of shame Hester is being put through. Throughout the first few chapters of the novel, however, Chillingworth’s motives become more and more malicious. By the time Chillingworth meets Hester in her prison cell, he has decided to go after Mr. Dimmesdale’s soul. Chillingworth turns to this goal because Mr. Dimmesdale did not endure Hester’s shame on the scaffold. Had Mr. Dimmesdale chosen to reveal himself at the time of Hester’s shame, he would not have had to endure the pain of Roger Chillingworth’s tortures of his soul. When Mr. Dimmesdale finally confesses to the townspeople in the last hour of his life, he reveals what many saw to be a red A on his chest. Whether the letter was carved by him in an act of self-mutilation, if it was merely a figment of his guilt-ridden imagination, of if it was indeed created by Chillingworth’s torture, it is a symbol of the guilt that Mr. Dimmesdale endured. While it may seem like a poor mockery of Hester’s letter, which was visible to everyone, Mr. Dimmesdale’s caused him much more pain than Hester’s caused her. Over time, Hester’s letter came to be accepted by the townspeople, and once Hester had been accepted there was discussion of allowing her to remove it. In contrast, Mr. Dimmesdale’s letter was not visible to the public, though it caused him much pain.

Improving Patient Safety by Utilizing Information Technology Essay

As the push towards patient safety increases with regulatory agencies such as the Florida Agency for Healthcare administration (ACHA) and The Joint Commission (TJC), formerly the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO), highlighting the need for higher qualities of standard, hospitals such as Memorial Hospital Pembroke in Hollywood Florida are interested in finding ways of achieving optimal patient care standards and propel themselves up the list of top performers on key quality measures. Of equal importance is the need to optimize the cost effectiveness of this quality of care by reducing length of hospital stay and reducing instances of readmissions for the same or related complaints. Individual department such as pharmacy, radiology and laboratory each have computerized systems specifically aimed at task completion within the department taking no thought of the dissemination of that information across the spectrum of not only medical departments but also to administrative and clerical departments. With the advent of care possesses such as computer physician order entry(CPOE) and electronic medication administration record systems(EMARs) aimed at both quality and cost effectiveness the necessity exist to provide all needed information including medical records, radiological imagery such as CT scans, MRIs, and laboratory results at the immediate disposal of the practitioner. Administrative departments such as billing, medical records, medical supplies, and social services requiring real time updates on care administered, supplies expended in administering this care and follow up required in order to complete the continuum of care. There is therefore the need to integrate all these various clinical and administrative processes into a single efficient hospital based system of delivery of care. Electronic Health Record systems (EHRs) are not only designed to provide such services but also information to patients and stores and manages data collected on patients. The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) of 2009 provided $34 billion via Medicare and Medicaid for the implementation and use of EHRs. Two such systems EpicCare and HCS eMR respectively define themselves as follows. â€Å"The EpicCare Inpatient Clinical System spans all hospital departments and specialties, giving providers the tools they need to deliver safe, high-quality care. EpicCare’s role-based navigators simplify relevant information access for physicians, nurses, therapists, dietitians and any other provider in the hospital setting† â€Å"HCS eMR meaningful use software is a Workflow Driven / Focused solution focused on high User Adoption. HCS eMR works for your hospital because it: Builds on existing processes such as Medication Reconciliation †¢ Integrates with existing technology to streamline processes †¢ Leverages sophisticated rules and timely alerts to drive success †¢ Can be implemented quickly and is fully adopted †¢ Is economical â€Å" Organizational and individual barriers to proposed change Several potential barriers exist to the implementation of an integrated electronic health records system (EHRs), these include structural, financial/business, technical/professional, and cultural. Structural Memorial Hospital Pembroke is not a standalone hospital rather it is one of five hospitals in the Memorial Hospital System (MHS) formerly known as the South Broward Hospital district of Florida, as such much consideration has to be given to the eventual implementation across the system not only to Pembroke itself. Diversity in buyers and payers of supplies and services across the system would impact heavily on integration. There are also different providers of information technology in various departments that would have to be modified to enable integration via a central system of informatics. Financial and business The infrastructural implementation of EHR systems requires initial high dollar investment which in the current economic environment may require budgetary restraints on other services and supplies. Although the intent is clear and the potential promising, there is limited evidence of the economic benefits of EHR systems in healthcare mainly because it is in its infancy, the hospital board of governors may require extensive due diligence studies prior agreeing to any such change. Cultural The cost-benefits across the continuum of providers e. g. octors, nurses and recipients e. g. patients of healthcare have yet to be realized and as such much caution and resistance is to be anticipated. Clinicians inclusive of nurses envision health informatics particularly EHRs as being time consuming and takes away from, autonomy, actual time spent with patients, also old habits are hard to break, and question what personal benefits are to be gain from this intrusive system. Not to be ignored is the additional scrutiny as all processes will be documented at time of process and provides a permanent record, errors cannot be deleted. Departments who previously had autonomy on how information is transferred and disseminated from the individual department to other practitioners may show reluctance to â€Å"opening up† to the scrutiny of others. Patients also will be required to accommodate intrusion, as with the availability of previously restricted information at the bedside from computers on wheels (COWs) more time may be spent at the bedside by practitioners instead of doing time consuming reviews and making notes prior to patients’ rounds. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) which provides federally regulated protection of patients health information held by healthcare professionals, is another possible barrier that impact the implementation of the proposed change, and care has to be taken to limit the unnecessary access of patient’s data. Factors influencing proposed change Important factors that may affect whether implementation of an EHR at Memorial Pembroke is employed include, how receptive management and staff are to the change, the existence of available EHR systems providers versus in-house creation of a system, Cost of purchasing, implementing and maintaining a system and if funding is available, real benefits to be attained, are they measurable, and structural, cultural and financial readiness of the organization for the change. Receptiveness of management and staff If the existing system works for staff or is perceived to work then many questions arise among the participants why does there need to be this intrusive change. Can the proposed benefits to be realized justify the overhaul and inconvenience to come and am I going to be remunerated for my efforts? Available EHR systems There are many systems already on the market including EPICare inpatient-core; HCS eMR and ChartAcess which are ready for implementation have a system of support and maintenance. Although these are expensive systems, to build an in-house system replicating these would be time consuming and require extensive developmental processes that would certainly result in delay in implementing such a system. Cost May be divided into acquisition and maintenance, acquisition cost include cost of software, training, installation, paper to electronic conversion and implementation productivity loss, which may not be measurable. Maintenance cost includes upgrades, replacement of hardware and internal and external support cost. Acquisition cost will be significant and may impact on the ability of the organization to meet other budgetary demands. Maintenance cost are spread out over time and may not be as impacting, also the possibility exist that cost savings from the use of the EHRs employed may offset maintenance cost. Factors influencing organizational readiness There are certain basic requirements of readiness which Memorial Pembroke must meet in order to be ready for health IT without which failure is almost assured. These are Organizational culture, Management and leadership, Operational and Technical readiness. Organizational culture – defined as an assessment of how the organization perceives EHR, general staff and physicians’ perceptions and patient involvement. Does Memorial Pembroke view EHR as a liability or as an asset, is the staff open to what is better for the patient or are they more concerned about turf protection, are nurses prepared to record even the most minor detail if it means a better overall picture of the state of the patient. Management and leadership – does the organization have the management that appreciates the importance of the change to the overall goals of the organization and is there a readiness to apply necessary resources to include human resources, financial resources and information and to manage these resources not only for current but also future EHR needs. Is there an executive team, a strategic plan, quality improvement and care management, and sound financial management? Operational readiness – takes into consideration, protocols, operational procedures, staffing needs for the implementation, training plans and programs, preparedness of project managers and IT staff for the implementation. Technical readiness– considers the organizations technical environment and information technology capabilities to deal with and absorb the change. Is there adequate server capacity, a rational process of procurement also potential for growth and development of the department? In short can they handle it? Theoretical model related to proposed change The model best related to this organizational change which seeks to enhance the institution as a whole in the furtherance of improved quality of care for patients as also to optimize the organizations ability to be effective in the administrative process and other peripheral processes involved in this change is organizational development. Organizational change targets the entire organization and creates a climate of open discussion with valued feedback which helps to reinforce or modify to the change. It depends on the utilization of process consultants to facilitate interventions and to manage the change. Internal and external resources to support change Within the organization several resources may be found which may facilitate or enhance the change to be implemented, these include competent senior management who portray a sense of confidence and facilitate dialogue with staff thus enabling them to be active participants, a strong human resource department that arranges and implement training programs aimed at preparing staff for the change. A vibrant IT department with competent personnel knowledgeable in IT systems that can facilitate incorporation of new technology to its network. Staff that are trainable and who understand the dynamism of the organization and of change and are willing to adapt in order to meet organizational goals. Externally advantage has to be taken of a proven provider of EHRs that has the experience and support infrastructure that will facilitate attainment of the organizational goals. Independent consultants who are experienced in the change to be implemented, and who are able to monitor and manage the change at each stage of implementation. Research data that provide information aimed at making informed decisions, provided by research specialist and not ad hoc pieces of information.